Análisis de la deducibilidad de las penalidades por incumplimiento contractual
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Date
2025-01
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Universidad del Pacífico
Abstract
Por medio de este trabajo se lleva a cabo el análisis del tratamiento tributario correspondiente a los gastos por penalidades por incumplimiento contractual, de acuerdo con las disposiciones previstas para dichos efectos en la Ley del Impuesto a la Renta. Como punto de partida, se revisará la discusión contenida en la Resolución del Tribunal Fiscal No. 01007-3-2020 específicamente en lo referido al reparo por la deducción de un pago por concepto de penalidad contractual formulado por la Superintendencia Nacional de Administración Tributaria – SUNAT, en el marco de una fiscalización iniciada contra un contribuyente dedicado al rubro de construcción por el Impuesto a la Renta de tercera categoría correspondiente al ejercicio 2013. Bajo dicho contexto, este trabajo se encargará de desarrollar, entre otros, la naturaleza jurídica de las penalidades contractuales, la normativa tributaria aplicable a la deducibilidad de gastos, y el tratamiento disímil que a través de los años las autoridades tributarias le han otorgado a las penalidades contractuales mediante pronunciamientos y/o jurisprudencia.
By means of this report we determine the applicable tax treatment to penalties derived from a breach of contract, under the provisions of the Peruvian Income Tax Law. For such purposes, the legally relevant issues in the Tax Court Resolution No. 01007-3-2020 will be reviewed, such as the observation made by the Peruvian Tax Authority to the deduction of a contractual penalty payment considered as an expense by a taxpayer dedicated to the construction business, within a tax audit procedure initiated regarding to its corporate income tax for fiscal year 2013. In this context, the report will examine, among others, the legal nature of contractual penalties, the substantial requirements contained in the applicable tax legal framework for the deduction of expenses, and the different tax treatments that over the years have been granted to contractual penalties by the tax authorities.
By means of this report we determine the applicable tax treatment to penalties derived from a breach of contract, under the provisions of the Peruvian Income Tax Law. For such purposes, the legally relevant issues in the Tax Court Resolution No. 01007-3-2020 will be reviewed, such as the observation made by the Peruvian Tax Authority to the deduction of a contractual penalty payment considered as an expense by a taxpayer dedicated to the construction business, within a tax audit procedure initiated regarding to its corporate income tax for fiscal year 2013. In this context, the report will examine, among others, the legal nature of contractual penalties, the substantial requirements contained in the applicable tax legal framework for the deduction of expenses, and the different tax treatments that over the years have been granted to contractual penalties by the tax authorities.
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Keywords
Impuesto a la renta, Causalidad (Derecho), Cláusula penal, Procedimiento tributario, Derecho
Citation
Gálvez Fernández, A. P. (2025). Análisis de la deducibilidad de las penalidades por incumplimiento contractual [Trabajo de suficiencia profesional, Universidad del Pacífico]. Repositorio de la Universidad del Pacífico. https://hdl.handle.net/11354/5455